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By Dr. Jaisingh Rajput.

Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a prevalent global health issue, often dubbed the “silent killer” due to its stealthy progression. It frequently goes unnoticed until it manifests in severe health problems. 

Hypertension occurs when the force of blood pushing against the walls of arteries is consistently elevated. Blood pressure readings consist of two numbers: systolic (pressure during heartbeats) and diastolic (pressure between beats). A normal reading is around 120/80 mm Hg (millimeters of mercury), while hypertension is diagnosed when blood pressure consistently exceeds 130/80 mm Hg.

Hypertension is particularly dangerous because it often presents no symptoms until serious complications arise. Many people remain unaware of their condition until they suffer from heart disease, stroke or kidney failure.

Causes of hypertension include:

1. Unhealthy Lifestyle: Poor dietary habits, lack of physical activity, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption significantly contribute to hypertension;
2. Genetics: A family history of hypertension increases your risk;
3. Chronic Stress: Persistent stress can elevate blood pressure, making stress management crucial; and
4. Age: Blood pressure typically rises with age, making regular monitoring essential, especially for older adults.

Early detection of hypertension is vital for effective management. Regular blood pressure checks, particularly for those with risk factors, can help catch the condition before it leads to serious health issues. Lifestyle changes, medication, and adherence to medical advice can significantly mitigate the risks associated with hypertension.

Tips for the prevention and management of hypertension are:

1. Healthy Diet: Reduce sodium intake, focus on a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables, and maintain a healthy weight.
2. Regular Exercise: Engage in at least 150 minutes of physical activity per week to help lower blood pressure.
3. Stress Management: Incorporate stress-reducing practices like meditation, yoga, or deep breathing exercises into your routine.
4. Medication: When necessary, medication prescribed by a healthcare provider can help manage hypertension effectively.

Hypertension remains a critical public health issue, often progressing unnoticed until it causes significant harm. Regular monitoring, a healthy lifestyle, and early intervention are key to preventing complications. By raising awareness about hypertension, we can work towards a healthier future, free from the burden of this silent killer.

Dr. Jaisingh Rajput is a physician at Regional Medical Center of Central Alabama in Greenville.